Enabling accurate prediction of the properties of aluminosilicate glasses is important for the development of new glass compositions for high-tech applications. In this study, we use a combined topological and thermodynamic approach to connect the configurational heat capacity (C_p,conf) with the liquid fragility (m) and glass transition temperature (T_g) of calcium aluminosilicate glass-forming liquids. To study structural and dynamical features of these systems, we choose two representative glass composition series: one at the tectosilicate join with varying SiO₂ content and one with constant CaO content but varying Al₂O₃/SiO₂ ratio. C_p,conf is determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), while m and T_g are determined through both DSC and viscosity measurements. The C_p,conf model is found to predict the measured data well for most systems, but deviations between the modeled and measured C_p,conf values appear for the “strongest” glasses in the tectosilicate series and for the most peraluminous glasses in the constant CaO series. We discuss the structural origins of these model-from-data deviations based on Raman spectroscopy measurements.